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Post office sign in showing postcode 2607 A postal code (also known locally in various English-speaking countries throughout the world as a postcode, post code, Eircode, PIN Code or ZIP Code) is a series of letters or or both, sometimes including spaces or punctuation, included in a for the purpose of sorting. In February 2005, 117 of the 190 member countries of the had postal code systems. Although postal codes are usually assigned to geographical areas, special codes are sometimes assigned to individual addresses or to institutions that receive large volumes of mail, such as government agencies and large commercial companies. Bakemonogatari 1 15 Sub Thai Movie here. One example is the French system.

1970s Soviet stamp promoting the use of postal codes The development of postal codes reflects the increasing complexity of postal delivery as populations grew and the became more complex. This happened first in large cities. Postal codes began with postal district numbers (or postal zone numbers) within large cities. Was first subdivided into 10 districts in 1857, and in 1864. By, such postal district or zone numbers existed in various large European cities.

They existed in the United States at least as early as the 1920s, possibly implemented at the local post office level only (for example, instances of 'Boston 9, Mass' in 1920 are attested, ) although they were evidently not used throughout all major US cities (implemented -wide) until. By 1930 or earlier the idea of extending postal district or zone numbering plans beyond large cities to cover even small towns and rural locales was in the air. These developed into postal codes as we define them today. (The name of US postal codes, 'ZIP codes', reflects this evolutionary growth from a zone plan to a zone improvement plan [ZIP].) Modern postal codes were first introduced in the in December 1932, but the system was abandoned in 1939. The next country to introduce postal codes was Germany in 1941, followed by Argentina in 1958, the United States in 1963 and Switzerland in 1964. The United Kingdom began introducing its current system in Norwich in 1959, but they were not used nationwide until 1974. Presentation [ ].

Postal codes not in use Character sets [ ] The characters used in postal codes are • The '0' to '9' • Letters of the • Spaces, hyphens Reserved characters [ ] originally did not use the letters 'F', 'I', 'O', 'Q', 'U' and 'Y' for technical reasons. But as almost all existing combinations are now used, these letters were allowed for new locations starting 2005. The letter combinations,, and are not used for historical reasons. Do not include the letters D, F, I, O, Q, or U, as the equipment used in automated sorting could easily confuse them with other letters and digits.

The letters W and Z are used, but are not currently used as the first letter. The Canadian Postal Codes use alternate letters and numbers (with a space after the 3rd character) in this format: A9A 9A9 In the system uses the following letters only: A, C, D, E, F, H, K, N, P, R, T, V, W, X, Y.

This serves two purposes: • to avoid confusion in OCR, and • it also helps to avoid accidental doubles-entendres by avoiding the creation of word look-alikes, as Eircode's last 4 characters are random. Alphanumeric postal codes [ ] Most of the postal code systems are numeric; only a few are alphanumeric (i.e., use both letters and digits). Alphanumeric systems can, given the same number of characters, encode many more locations. For example, while a 2 digit numeric code can represent 100 locations, a 2 character alphanumeric code using ten numbers and twenty letters can represent 900 locations.

The independent nations using alphanumeric postal code systems are: • () • () • () • () • () (suspended in 2007 ) • (since 2015) • () • () • (The postal code format in Peru was updated in February 2011 to be of the format NNNNN (five digits) ). • • • () Countries which prefix their postal codes with a fixed group of letters, indicating a country code, include,,, and. Country code prefixes [ ] country codes were recommended by the as well as the to be used in conjunction with postal codes starting in 1994, but they have not become widely used.,,,, and use the as a prefix in their postal codes. In some countries (such as in, where a numeric postcode format of four or five digits is commonly used) the numeric postal code is sometimes prefixed with a when sending international mail to that country.